In the audience, there is a religious elite, a scholar of the Law who represents Judaism, salvation through the Law. It’s not just Judaism, but all religions fall under the umbrella of salvation by works. However, salvation is through Christ alone for God the Father has handed over all things to Jesus alone (Luke 10:22). With hard work and talent one can accomplish many things in this life. But eternal life, the most wonderful gift, can only be received through Jesus. Eternal life through Jesus is full of God’s mercy, grace and love can be experienced now in this life.
After hearing Jesus speak, the lawyer poses a question to Jesus. We do not know the motive for this question, whether to trap Jesus or find an answer to his own doubts. Whatever the motive, the question reveals this man’s faulty view of eternal life.
- He says “I” as if his self is still alive, as if he is not totally depraved and dead (John 6:44). Believing man is a sinner but still capable of choosing God and salvation is called Semi-Pelagianism, which is a heresy.
- “What shall I do?” is asking what they can contribute to earn salvation. This is what all men conclude, that they must do something as if they are capable or there is something of value in their deeds.
- Lastly, the scholar uses the word “inherit”. As a Jew, he thought he had the right to eternal life and it was promised to him through Abraham. This is a false hope for all are sinners before Holy God and the only thing we inherit is our sin from Adam. (Romans 9:7-8)
This question misunderstands man’s sin and the nature of eternal life. So Jesus wisely responds, “What is written in the Law? How does it read to you?” The Law is referring to the Old Testament, particularly the five books written by Moses. “How does it read?” or in other words, “What have you heard?” The way Jesus phrases the second question, He is guiding the scholar to Deuteronomy 6:4-5. “Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, the Lord is one!” Jesus directs him to the Law not because we are saved by keeping the Law but to show how impossible it is to be saved through it. Jesus doesn’t hate or dismiss the Law, in fact, Jesus kept the law perfectly and fully (Matthew 5:18-19). Jesus asks what the Law says in order to expose the futility and hypocrisy in trying to earn salvation by keeping it (Matthew 23:27). God’s holiness and His law demand perfect and complete love. You cannot deceive Jesus with exterior religion because Jesus can see inside the depths of your heart. He knows if you love him or not. So the purpose of the Law is not salvation but it is God’s word exposing the sin in our hearts (Romans 3:20-21).
The scholar answers Jesus by quoting Deuteronomy 6:5 correctly. His confident response implies that he thinks he has kept it. He was proud of his life and actions. The scholar failed to understand the scope of God’s command. It is to love God with all that we have at all times. Not a single moment, a single thought, a single word, a single breath, or a single act can be outside of loving God. It is impossible to love God this way even for a brief moment let alone at all times. Some have tried to seclude themselves in the mountains or mutilated themselves and gone to other extreme lengths to try and rid themselves of all the things that hindered them from love. They have all failed to keep the law and ultimately stand condemned (Deuteronomy 27:26, Galatians 3:10). No man can justify themselves before God’s judgment. Just imagine yourself standing in God’s holy court without Jesus Christ knowing you have failed.
Only Jesus has kept the Law perfectly inside and out (Luke 22:42). Jesus as fully God and fully man loved God with all his heart, strength, and mind. Jesus was a sinless man who took up a sinful man’s position on the cross. Even while bearing our sins on the cross, He shows His unending love and prays for His killer’s forgiveness (Luke 23:34). He truly loved God and His neighbors and lived a life of real obedience. Therefore in Jesus, the Law was fulfilled and it is through faith in Him we are saved (Romans 10:4). This is why salvation is in Jesus alone and it is also why we need Him.
Jesus agrees, and while the scholar may have answered correctly, Jesus also points out that his answer is merely an answer of words. Jesus tells him he must do it to live. The scholar must have been offended by Jesus’ response. He probably thought he was being obedient. So the lawyer tries to justify himself. He asks, “Who is my neighbor?” The lawyer was prideful and did not trust in Jesus alone. We too must not be foolish or prideful by claiming we are fine without Jesus. We know that eternal life is in Jesus alone. This is a joyful thing because Jesus did what we could not do. Salvation is a gift of love and grace and it calls us to repent and believe in Him. What a sweet offer of salvation. By Jesus’ perfect keeping of the Law, we are saved from our failure to do so. Praise the Lord, He has done the impossible!